| Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ 博尔塔拉蒙古自治州 بۆرتالا موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى |
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| — Autonomous prefectures — | |
| Chinese transcription(s) | |
| • Pinyin | Bó'ěrtǎlā Měnggǔ Zìzhìzhōu |
| Alataw Pass, Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China | |
| Bortala Mongol prefecture (red) in Xinjiang province (orange) and China | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Xinjiang |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture (Mongolian cyrillic: Борталын Монгол өөртөө засах жөү; Chinese: 博尔塔拉蒙古自治州; pinyin: Bóěrtǎlā Měnggǔ Zìzhìzhōu; Uyghur: بۆرتالا موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى, ULY: Börtala Mongghul Aptonom Oblasti), short for Bortala (Chinese: 博州; pinyin: Bózhōu), is a Mongol autonomous prefecture in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. It has an area of 27,000 square kilometers. Bole is its capital. "Bortala" comes from the Mongolian language, and means "brown grasslands".
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Bortala is located in the southwestern part of the Dzungarian Basin. It borders Kazakhstan to the north and west, and has an international border of 385 km. To the east it borders Wusu City and Toli County of Tacheng Prefecture; to the south it borders Nilka County, Yining County, and Huocheng County of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture.
The prefecture has two large lakes, Ebi-Nur and Sayram Lake.
Bortala is divided into one county-level city, Bole, and two counties: Jinghe County and Wenquan County. In addition, it is home to the Fifth Agricultural Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and its 11 regiment-level farms / ranches.
| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (kona yezik̡) |
Uyghur Latin (yengi yezik̡) |
Population (2003 est.) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bole City | 博乐市 | Bólè Shì | بۆرتالا شەھىرى | Börtala Shehiri | 250,000 | 7,802 | 32 |
| 2 | Jinghe County | 精河县 | Jīnghé Xiàn | جىڭ ناھىيىسى | Jing Nahiyisi | 130,000 | 11,189 | 12 |
| 3 | Wenquan County | 温泉县 | Wēnquán Xiàn | ئارىشاڭ ناھىيىسى | Arishang Nahiyisi | 70,000 | 5,905 | 12 |
The Tang Dynasty created the Shuanghe Protectorate (双河都督府) in this area. During the Yuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty the area was the territory of the Oirats. During the Qing Dynasty, Chahar Mongols were moved here from Kalgan, as well as Torghuud Oirats moving eastwards from the Volga.
The People's Republic of China established the autonomous prefecture on July 13, 1954.
There are 35 nationalities in Bortala. 67% of the 424,300 inhabitants are Han Chinese, while the remainder are Mongol, Uyghur, Kazakh, Hui, or of other nationalities.
In 2004 the prefecture had a total gross domestic product of 3.69 billion Renminbi (including the XPCC 5th division), an increase of 11.9% over the previous year. Annual total imports and exports totalled US$ 554 million, an increase of 96.8% over the previous year. Average annual salary was 11000 Renminbi, an increase of 7.6%; average annual pure income per capita for agricultural workers was 3904 Renminbi, an increase of 10.8%.
Alashankou is a port of entry with both railroads and roads linking China with Kazakhstan; it is also one of China's national first-class port of entry (国家一类口岸). The volume of imports / exports passing through Alashankou accounts for 90% of the total for all of Xinjiang, and has been second to only Manzhouli, Inner Mongolia among land ports-of-entry in China for 8 days.
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